Erratum: Corrigendum: Carbon precipitation from heavy hydrocarbon fluid in deep planetary interiors

Carbon precipitation from heavy hydrocarbon fluid in deep planetary interiors.

The phase diagram of the carbon-hydrogen system is of great importance to planetary sciences, as hydrocarbons comprise a significant part of icy giant planets and are involved in reduced carbon-oxygen-hydrogen fluid in the deep Earth. Here we use resistively- and laser-heated diamond anvil cells to measure methane melting and chemical reactivity up to 80 GPa and 2,000 K. We show that methane me...

Fluid helium at conditions of giant planetary interiors

As the second most-abundant chemical element in the universe, helium makes up a large fraction of giant gaseous planets, including Jupiter, Saturn, and most extrasolar planets discovered to date. Using first-principles molecular dynamics simulations, we find that fluid helium undergoes temperature-induced metallization at high pressures. The electronic energy gap (band gap) closes at 20,000 K a...

Effect of Hydrocarbon Fluid Characterization on Wax Precipitation Modeling

Exclusion of heavy cations from wastewater using activated carbon/NiFe2O4 nanocomposite prepared via co-precipitation method

First, crystalline NiFe2O4 powder was synthesized on a nanoscale dimension by a simple one-step coprecipitationchemical route, and then used to produce activated carbon/NiFe2O4 nanocomposite. Thestructure and morphology of the as-prepared composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD)pattern, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)...

The Condensed Matter Physics of Planetary Interiors

The deep interiors of Jupiter and Saturn consist of fluid, metallic hydrogen. In Jupiter the metallic hydrogen is uniformly mixed with helium. In Saturn, the incomplete solubility of helium may cause unmixing and energy release. In the interiors of Uranus and Neptune the fluid mixture (of hydrogen, helium, water, methane and ammonia) is metallic or ionic. The terrestral planetary cores are pred...